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The rationale for Addressing the Health Care Needs of Undocumented Immigrant or Refugee Populations
Reasonably, this healthcare problem should be principally addressed by the health interests of the immigrant and refugee population because it’s the ethical argument of “equality,” which is the governing principle behind healthcare access for every individual, unrelated to their migration status. NURS FPX 6618 Assessment 2: Mobilizing Care for an Immigrant Population: The integration barriers that unauthorized immigrants and refugees face in accessing primary healthcare services range from legal to financial, to language to cultural obstacles. The hindrances will be more serious, and health disparities among those groups will widen if these difficulties are not tackled.
Being a fair selection of the target population, the criteria attention must be given to those groups who are both most marginalized and underserved within the health sector. Socioeconomic status, proficiency in their mother language, cultural background, and geographic location are among some crucial aspects to consider to make the desired population diverse enough to include it when it comes to those encountering the most critical challenges while trying to receive medical assistance (Abbasian et al., 2020). Healthcare providers and policymakers can reach the healthcare needs of undocumented immigrants and refugees, being one of the initial steps towards achieving health equality and social justice within their populations.
Making no effort to provide healthcare for undocumented immigrants and refugees goes against the ethical principles of fairness and justice and, at the same time, also creates public concerns related to health. Under-resourced or underserved communities are characterized by poor access to quality healthcare. This can lead to multiple health concerns, including rising infectious disease rates, overcrowding in emergency departments, and skyrocketing healthcare costs in society as a whole.
NURS FPX 6618 Assessment 2: Organizations and Stakeholders Dealing with Undocumented Immigrants of Refugees Population
Identifying the most important organizations for the care of immigrants is agreed to be a multifaceted approach that responds to their needs in a unique and relevant way. Moreover, hospitals, community health care centers, and clinics are the leading providers that provide first-line care and specialized services beyond primary care (Chiarenza et al., 2019). Working with these organizations is highly important when making medical services available for immigrant and refugee populations, which aim to be culturally and linguistically compatible.
Community-based organizations (CBOs) and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) represented by immigrants and refugees are also highly significant stakeholders. Typically, these agencies already possess strong knowledge of the community they are catering to and may even be experts in solving this particular problem while providing shelters, legal advice, and social inclusion services. Using partnerships with CBOs and NGOs, an inclusive health approach to servicing this population is provided, as this approach embraces not only the medical determinants of health but also the social impact of this group (Agonafer et al., 2021).
In addition, different levels of government, such as the municipality, state, and federal, make policies and marshal resources to improve the health of immigrants and refugees. Involvement coupled with cooperation with the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Refugee Resettlement, and local health agencies offers the possibility of coordinating healthcare campaigns and efforts for improved access to care.
The intelligence of the specific settings in which the immigrant and refugee settlements are located facilitates identifying whether there are other stakeholders and the appropriate service formulation. Issues including low levels of language comprehension, transport difficulties, difficulty in finding shelter, and fear of deportation directly impact individuals’ capacity for the care they need (Ornelas et al., 2020). NURS FPX 6618 Assessment 2: Mobilizing Care for an Immigrant Population: Therefore, the healthcare providers’ groups, community organizations, and the government should work together to tackle these issues. By involving diverse stakeholders across various sectors, healthcare institutions can develop a culturally sensitive community environment that will capture the unique facets of immigrant and draft populations.
Defining Characteristics of Undocumented Immigrant or Refugee Populations
The combination of community, socioeconomic, and cultural circumstances crucial to the health and healthcare requirements of immigrants and refugees can be considered a list of attributes. The initial step is to study population characteristics like age, gender, and family types that regard the kind of healthcare mission and the target population. Women and children can need health help, particularly in reproductive health, maternal care, and pediatric services.
Human factors are not the only thing that matters when studying refugees and immigrants. Another critical component is their specific place and context. This may include people running away from conflict and repressed people needing specific therapy related to trauma, mental health, and resettlement support. On the contrary, economic migrants, who would like more opportunities, would face difficulties regarding employment, housing, and healthcare, among other things, in the host country where they will finally settle.
On the other hand, multifaceted social, psychological, and economic factors are responsible for the exposure and weaknesses of the indigenous groups and refugees. Language constraints, cultural divergence, discrimination, and social alienation block the way to healthcare services and make the process more difficult for them. Low income, health insurance coverage shortage, and relatively short social maintenance networks contribute to the health gap in these groups.
Appraising and modifying the Existing Organization Policies for Immigrant and Repatriate Health Care.
Initial mention is made that policies stress culturally sensitive quality care. Such interventions may encompass educating healthcare providers on cultural competence, arranging linguistic interpretation expressly, or considering cultural factors while offering treatment.
Policies often cover the issue of regulations for eligibility to use healthcare services, for example, illegal immigrants and refugees who may not have insurance coverage due to their legal status. Policies may work on creating guidelines and procedures for providing free charity care or sliding-scale fees so that essential services can be accessed even if one is not legally in the country. NURS FPX 6618 Assessment 2: Mobilizing Care for an Immigrant Population: However, the actual implementation and enforcement of these government initiatives can vary from healthcare providers to different jurisdictions.
The policy also facilitates the resolution of problems like document presentation, confidentiality, and privacy concerns that often affect immigrant and refugee patients. Maintaining the security of sensitive data and guaranteeing that patients have the confidence to seek medical help without being hesitant about any comeback are the things that need to be considered while promoting patients’ trust and involvement in healthcare services (Pratiwi et al., 2022).
In the current social climate, these policies remain critical when discussing legislation reform, healthcare access, and social determinants of health. Turning to a time when the United States has been striving for more significant equity, diversity, and inclusion, this is when organization policies come to be, and they become critical pillars to making healthcare accessible to every individual, irrespective of immigration status (Williams et al., 2022). On a positive note, the effects of policy implementation and compliance could result in the emergence of the gaps in which advocacy and cooperation for the removal of system impediments to the care of the immigrant and refugee populations.NURS FPX 6618 Assessment 2
NURS FPX 6618 Assessment 2: Assumptions and Biases Afforded Care to Immigrants and Refugees Patient Group
Identifying the underlying assumptions and biases of those involved with the care of a specific type of immigrant or refugee shows how intricate the thinking that influences access to care is. Another hypothesis is that immigrants and refugees are considered to be one uniform group unraveling similar healthcare needs and expectations. It misses the multiple cultural backgrounds and experiences of people within these populations, leading to inadequate delivery of health care, which can later be one of the causes of poor health outcomes.
Cultural biases and language barriers might be tremendous obstacles confronting the immigrant and refugee communities to hospital care. A physician can be unaware of their cultural bias, which may affect the communication and caregiving process, resulting in mistrust and a poor standard of care (Kwame & Petrucka, 2021). NURS FPX 6618 Assessment 2: Mobilizing Care for an Immigrant Population: Language differences may make the existing biases even worse as patients cannot explain their symptoms or comprehend medical terminology in the medical language, making them inefficient.
It is essential to ask questions concerning the core assumptions that drive such parameters as who is eligible for local public healthcare access to achieve equal healthcare opportunities. Related to this, decision-makers and policymakers should recognize the significance of and involve immigrant and refugee communities as a particular population group to understand better their unique meaning, choices, and barriers to healthcare. Through a willingness to employ a culturally competent model that would confirm the outlook and values of different racial groups, health service institutions would be more likely to cope with all the complexities of language and the lack of access to care.
To summarize, cultural and language discrepancies’ consequences should be as well recognized as the means of health promotion equity and reducing the inequities in accessing services. Culturally relevant interventions like interpreter services, culturally appropriate healthcare materials, and community health workers from the same pool could be a godsend when it comes to bettering the communication, trust, and satisfaction among the victimized refugees and immigrants in Canadian health setups (White et al., 2019). Equally, when healthcare organizations eliminate biases and leaders support cultural diversity, they ensure access to care and achieve positive health outcomes for all individuals, irrespective of their cultural or linguistic background.
US Medical Care Policies for Immigration and Refugee Contexts
Two crucial United States healthcare models that suggest the present standards of care for immigrants and refugees are the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and the Refugee Act of 1980. Behind the ACA, frequently referred to as Obamacare, the realm of healthcare access has been dramatically modified for immigrants and refugees as well. The AD has assisted with provisions like Medicaid expansion and the organization of health insurance markets, with thousands of people without health insurance, including new immigrants and refugees, being granted such coverage. It widened the scope of coverage, thus making it feasible for the target group’s preventive care, primary care services, and treating chronic illnesses. NURS FPX 6618 Assessment 2: Mobilizing Care for an Immigrant Population: As our region grows and develops, planning effectively for sustainable transportation options becomes increasingly crucial. However, the issue still hits the mark for some immigrant communities as undocumented people may have to go through various stages to get ACA benefits because of their legal status.
The 1980 Refugee Act is, undoubtedly, the pillar of a healthcare services delivery framework that underpins the lives of all refugees, wherever they were resettled from across the U.S. This is the legislation that brought a full scale of procedures for persons who become refugees and the refugee’s resettlement process including screening for medical screening and assistance. Refugees can be enrolled in Medicaid immediately upon arrival in the U.S.; the program assists with essential healthcare services, including mental treatment for the traumatic experiences that some Refugees may have faced. Also, by developing programs focusing on the welfare of environmental refugees, such as refugee health care, ORR ensures medical assistance and enrolls them in health insurance coverage during the refugees’ first stage of settlement. Nevertheless, some service providers might provide a limited range of services. Also lacking are the specialized/culturally competent services that might be exhibited as some challenges facing the refugees in the U.S. healthcare system.
To conclude, the ACA and the Refugee Act of 1980 significantly increased the rate of this group of foreign migrants utilizing healthcare services. Despite these efforts, additional work is still pending to fill in the gaps, guarantee equal opportunities, and possess preventative healthcare facilities that support transcultural competence in health institutions.
References
Abbasian, R., Hadian, B., & Vaez-Dalili, M. (2020). Examination of the role of family socioeconomic status and parental education in predicting English as a foreign language learners’ receptive skills performance. Cogent Education, 7(1), 1710989. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2019.1710989
Agonafer, E. P., Carson, S. L., Nunez, V., Poole, K., Hong, C. S., Morales, M., Jara, J., Hakopian, S., Kenison, T., Bhalla, I., Cameron, F., Vassar, S. D., & Brown, A. F. (2021). Community-based organizations’ perspectives on improving health and social service integration. BMC Public Health, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10449-w
Al Shamsi, H., Almutairi, A. G., Al Mashrafi, S., & Al Kalbani, T. (2020). Implications of language barriers for healthcare: A systematic review. Oman Medical Journal, 35(2), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2020.40
Bohr, A., & Memarzadeh, K. (2020). The rise of artificial intelligence in healthcare applications. Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare, 1(1), 25–60. NCBI. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818438-7.00002-2
Chiarenza, A., Dauvrin, M., Chiesa, V., Baatout, S., & Verrept, H. (2019). Supporting access to healthcare for refugees and migrants in European countries under particular migratory pressure. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4353-1
Kwame, A., & Petrucka, P. M. (2021). A literature-based study of patient-centered care and communication in nurse-patient interactions: Barriers, facilitators, and the way forward. BMC Nursing, 20(158), 1–10. BMC Nursing. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-021-00684-2
Ornelas, I. J., Yamanis, T. J., & Ruiz, R. A. (2020). The health of undocumented Latino immigrants: What we know and future directions. Annual Review of Public Health, 41(1), 289–308. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040119-094211
Pratiwi, A. B., Padmawati, R. S., & Willems, D. L. (2022). Behind open doors: Patient privacy and the impact of design in primary health care, a qualitative study in Indonesia. Frontiers in Medicine, 9(5). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.915237
Ramezani, M., Amirhossein Takian, Bakhtiari, A., Rabiee, H. R., Sadegh Ghazanfari, & Mostafavi, H. (2023). The application of artificial intelligence in health policy: A scoping review. BMC Health Services Research, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-10462-2
White, J., Plompen, T., Tao, L., Micallef, E., & Haines, T. (2019). What is needed in culturally competent healthcare systems? A qualitative exploration of culturally diverse patients and professional interpreters in an Australian healthcare setting. BMC Public Health, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7378-9
Williams, J. S., Walker, R. J., & Egede, L. E. (2022). Achieving equity in an evolving healthcare system: Opportunities and challenges. The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 351(1), 33–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjms.2015.10.012
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