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Analyzing a Current Health Care Problem or Issue
NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 4 High-quality healthcare delivery is crucial to society, and addressing new important issues faces acutely investigated areas, including drug errors. They think about where risks arise in medication processes and examine the specific issues relating to the root causes, which are from human performances to system problems and the application of health IT systems. Lastly, they consider what aspects may be relevant to repeating unsafe medication practices across one organization, one environment, or across different settings. Defy the ineffective response thinking using this analytical/ssolutions approach (Faraj Al-Ahmadi et al., 2020). It can document overlooked therapies that might involve pharmacists reviewing and reconciling medications, barcode implementation measures, and forms of alarms such as trigger alerts. In this review, the focus is going to be the pharma error.
Explanation of Healthcare Issue
IE, medication mishaps happen annually and are likely to result in injury to between seven thousand and nine thousand patients in the US (Tariq et al., 2020), making it a critical concern in healthcare. Prescribing, medicine transcription, drug ordering and distribution, medicine administration, and reading and observing patient responses are all likely areas where these errors can be made. Essentially, the high frequency and intensity of medication errors make them a high-priority area of interest in healthcare. Medication mistakes persistently high rates are due to a variety of reasons. Pharmaceutical interactions or nonadherence risk is higher in those who have several prescription medications and polypharmacy, in the elderly, and in patients with many disease states (Varghese & Haseer Koya, 2020).
NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 4 Medication Reconciliation
Moreover, orders might be altered or ordered at the wrong time because the teams do not complete thorough medication reconciliation before transitioning from one phase of care to another. Other human factors include fatigue, stress, lack of appropriate training among relevant personnel, poor communication, and poorly coordinated medical staff. Moreover, there is no perfect health. IT as a system and entire health IT has its ordeals, while retail automation for encouraging secure and appropriate pharmaceutical consumption and use can also result in errors. To begin to effect the reduction in the annual incidence of preventable prescription errors and ADEs that affect millions of patients, a complex solution is needed, one that addresses human-systems integration.
Reasons
This paper provides insight on several features of medication errors as identified in academic research, a complex healthcare issue. NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 4 medication mistakes in healthcare-delivering institutions are conveyed by utilizing the statistics rated by credible organizations, i.e., the Institute of Medicine (Jember et al., 2018). It also organizes the information in a manner that assists in understanding medication mistakes as not just a single entity but a phenomenon with many factors. It speaks to the imperative for enhanced micro and macro healthcare system reform to attain sustainable harm reductions: learning and innovation (Adie et al., 2021).
Analysis of Issue
There are times when medications are misplaced or injuries are given to patients due to preventable medication errors. However, the drug is controlled by the healthcare provider, patient, or customer, depending on the particular situation. NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 4 prescription, transcribing, dispensing, administration, adherence, and monitoring are some of the Pharm Use Cycle USP, which may be prone to mistakes. Patients affected by adverse drug events are the other groups that need to be addressed when discussing drug errors. Policymakers in the healthcare organizations who formulate policies and structures of medication, technological companies developing the health information technology systems that handle the medication data and information, oversight agencies with jurisdiction to patient safety and protection, and the clinical officers, including the physicians, pharmacists, and nurses, among others, are other stakeholders (Cho et al., 2020).
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There are several causes that can be associated with such a large number of medication mistakes and ADEs. Less frequent review and reconciliation of medications, problems with the communication between the teams that oversee medication procedures, inconsistent documentation and ordering practices, complexity of comorbid patients’ medication regimen, and risk during transitional care (Rasool et al., 2020). All of these stakeholder groups will need to be engaged in order to implement systematic process changes since all of the above mistakes can seriously compromise patient health; therefore, reducing pharmaceutical errors is critical and impossible without addressing all of the interdependent and interconnected factors.
Potential Solutions
Given the identified sources of pharmaceutical mistakes and tested strategies for minimizing those causes in other hazardous industries, there is a range of interesting intervention procedures that can significantly increase the level of patient safety. Goals also consist of less fragmentation and simpler acquisition of data for clinical decisions by an enterprise of platform standardization and health information technology exchange. Holmgren et al. (2023) affirm that with human-centered design, prescription medication-handling systems can be made most effective without exposing the end users to safety issues attributable to usability while capturing rich data. Other human factors solutions introduced in NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 4 healthcare organizations seek to change culture and attitudes and organizational and interpersonal communication during handoff through physical tools and training programs and implementation of checklists and procedures (Devin et al., 2020). Medication reconciliation is another system-based change in which active pharmacist involvement has a good impact: electronic prescribing and ordering with clinical decision support; patient identification based on barcodes; elimination of verbal orders or intermediate transcription; and complex or triggered alerts for medication duplication or other potentially unsafe medication orders (Taheri Moghadam et al., 2021).
To increase the rate of broad adoption of best practices, it is necessary to collaborate to harmonize reforms in the training and education of HCWs and other persons involved in HC, in the organizational processes and the structures regulating such processes, supervision, accreditation, insurance reimbursement incentive systems, and others (Mutair et al., 2021). Medication errors cannot be eliminated by a system by a single intervention. However, the processes may be more systematic, and a safety culture with ongoing learning and improvement could be introduced through cooperatively applying small-scale research-based change programs.
NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 4 Consequences of Ignoring the Issue
Peril lies in patients’ health and the health of the healthcare system from lack of action against the disturbingly high rates of prescription errors. Approximately seventy thousand to one hundred thousand Americans die each year in hospitals by easily preventable medication errors (Tariq et al., 2020). Owing to the anticipated rise in the primary incidence of chronic diseases, the need for the concomitant use of multiple medicines, and the fragmentation of health IT systems, the impact of the failure to launch broad-scale programs promoting safer medication utilization will likely escalate. Unless the need to incorporate safety best practices derived from evidence into the long-term process of reconstructing America’s complex drug system is met, the remedies proffered will only offer marginal returns (Soon et al., 2021).
Pros and Cons of a Solution
Efforts towards enhancing drug safety through encouraging higher standardization and compatibility of EHRs and e-prescribing systems have beneficial and detrimental effects. The latter includes the benefits of direct access to real-time decision support that is fully integrated throughout all care contexts and avoids fragmentation of information that could result in security issues during transfers. Attempting to redesign hundreds of outdated and incompatible health information technology systems would cost hundreds of hospitals a lot of money and effort. NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 4 problems originate at the grassroots level because the competing systems serve the private interests of companies and possess market challenges. A comprehensive plan to enhance society should also look for similar primary approaches to enhance training, communication, and cultural accountability simultaneously (Teoh et al., 2022).
Ethical Principles
As with any major new investment, there are capital costs of implementing health IT and especially achieving high levels of IT interoperability; however, leveraging these technologies offers system-wide benefits such as CDSS and care coordination, which require the engagement of new investment and change management practices from various stakeholders in the health system. It is expected that government advice and financial incentives will be concentrated on identifying necessary functionality, data access and exchange capability, and timescale compliance. To eliminate such clinical impacts throughout transitions, the hospitals and suppliers would spend on software enhancement or other licenses, workflow review or assessment, human factors investigation, clinician or patient awareness programs, and information technology support. Another important precondition for their adoption, which embraces all the parties concerned, relates to how these technologies will be used to foster ethical objectives. Whereas decision support alerts generated by NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 4 health IT may give clinicians the information required within a course of treatment, the same also poses a threat to clinicians relying on such alerts and thereby leaning on the tools and equipment themselves and losing judgment. Hence, precautions, such as allowing doctors to override notification settings in order to perform professional autonomy responsibility, are required for the best uptake (Ubel et al., 2018).
Human Technology Interactions
The case examples presented for human-technology interactions demonstrate that HITECH technologies have the potential to assist as well as jeopardizing patient outcomes in equally unparalleled ways. Hence it is clear that supervision measures call for particularly cautious reflection in terms of the two principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence. To enable new HIT capabilities to achieve the intended promise of a beneficent result without incurring unjust outcomes, the ethical implementation requires specific advancement objectives and other fresh fund support for the communities that are at high risk of being marginalized (Varkey, 2021).
Examples for Literature
To attain adequate conformity to the recent changes in rules under the 21st Century Cures Act, many government and non-profit technology/policy studies covering the costs of integrating the nations health IT and training clinicians for further interoperability across different entities in the US alone have been estimated (ONC, 2021). Literature also supports that HIT transitions provide ethical issues. For instance, a study from the Institute of Medicine says that during adoption stages, key gaps will be observed in the short run as organizations with higher technological capability move forward and safety net systems are lagging behind (Els Maeckelberghe et al., 2023).
Conclusion
There are many factors in the elaborated healthcare system in the US where medication mistakes affect patients considerably. In order to solve this problem, the necessary transformations must be performed in practice, and undesirable practices and attitudes must be identified. People from different fields should unite. To be very clear, there is no silver bullet, but there is strong, rigorous data that cannot be altered to show how significantly one can reduce unnecessary adverse medication events. These include technology management to a standard, an increase in NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 4 provider communication, and safety-related training in view of the changeable human factor. The power of social trust can be restored, and people can avoid unnecessary pain from the improper use of medications with the help of a complex and, therefore, objective approach to causal factors as well as showing that everyone in the healthcare system is interested in patients’ welfare. Thus, significant improvements in medication error rates may be obtained.
References
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Cho, I., Lee, M., & Kim, Y. (2020). What are the main patient safety concerns of healthcare stakeholders: A mixed-method Study of Web-based Text. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 140(1), 104162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2020.104162
Devin, J., Cleary, B. J., & Cullinan, S. (2020). Systematic Reviews, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01510-7
Els Maeckelberghe, Zdunek, K., Marceglia, S., Farsides, B., & Rigby, M. (2023). The ethical challenges of personalized digital health. Frontiers in Medicine, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1123863
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